新托福阅读文化艺术类文章解密-北京朗阁雅思培训学校新闻

新托福阅读文化艺术类文章解密
朗阁海外考试研究中心
新托福与现行的阅读文章相比，文章的难易程度没有多大变化，大的区别比现行的文章更长，朗阁分享雅思阅读文化艺术类的文章解题要点，希望有助于广大考生备考。

文章标题	Cave Art in Europe
所属话题	社会科学之文化艺术类
文章体裁	科技说明文
文章结构	分类（解释说明）
难度系数	文章难度★★★★ 题目难度：★★★★
各题型数量	词汇题（3题）直接事实题（6题）否定排除题（1题）句子简化题（1题）修辞目的题（1题）插入文本题（1题）摘要题（1题）
高频话题词总结	artistic 艺术的，有美感的 crude 粗糙的，简陋的 marked 显著的，明显的，的 naturalistic 自然的，写实主义的 identify 识别，认出，确定 principal 重要的，主要的 inhabit 居住 gallery 画廊，走廊 inner 内部的 access 接近，进入 magical 魔力的，神奇 subject 主题 contemporary 当代的，现代的 rarely 罕有地，很少地 depict 描绘，绘画 motivation 动机，动力 inspire 鼓舞，激励，启迪 herd 兽群，牧群 game 猎物，野味 symbolic 象征的，象征性的 explicit 明确的，清楚的 reveal 揭露，显露 portray 描绘，描画 portrayal 画像 fear 畏惧，害怕 unpredictability 不可预测性 consistent 一致的 extinct 灭绝的 cease 停止，结束 confine 限制，局限于 object 物体 decorate 装饰，点缀 figure 轮廓，图解 engraving 版画 notation 记号，标记法 consciously 有意识地，自觉地 female 女性的 exaggerate 夸大，夸张 ideal 理想的 fertility 繁殖力，肥沃
长难句	Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men and women believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were indeed their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art. 分析：主句为“Upper Paleolithic men and women believed that…”；其中“ that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were indeed their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art.”为that引导的宾语从句，做believe的宾语；而在此宾语从句中“the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury”和“if that were indeed their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art”并列，同为宾语从句；“if that were indeed their belief”为第二个宾语从句中的由if引导的条件状语从句；“why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art”为why引导的宾语从句，做explain的宾语。 Cave art seems to have reached a peak toward the end of the Upper Paleolithic period, when the herds of game were decreasing. 分析：本句主句为“Cave art seems to have reached a peak”。“toward the end of the Upper Paleolithic period”为时间状语；“when the herds of game were decreasing”为定语从句，做the end of the Upper Paleolithic period的定语，关系词为when。 Consistent with this idea, according to the investigators, is the fact that the art of the cultural period that followed the Upper Paleolithic also seems to reflect how people got their food. 分析：本句主句为“Consistent with this idea is the fact”，该主句为倒装句（表语Consistent with this idea提前倒装）；“that the art of the cultural period that followed the Upper Paleolithic also seems to reflect how people got their food.”为that引导的同位语从句，做the fact的同位语；其中“that followed the Upper Paleolithic”为定语从句，做the art of the cultural period的定语，关系词为that。
社会科学类之其他话题	雕塑，陶瓷建筑，戏剧，电影，摄影历史，考古，工业化贸易、经济介绍农业发展介绍城市特点人口变化特点心理/生理学社会学

文章标题	Petroleum Resources
所属话题	自然科学类之生态/环境学
文章体裁	科技说明文
文章结构	解释说明
难度系数	文章难度★★★ 题目难度：★★★★
各题型数量	词汇题（4题）直接事实题（4题）否定排除题（1题）句子简化题（1题）修辞目的题（1题）推理题（1题）插入文本题（1题）摘要题（1题）
高频话题词总结	petroleum 石油 consist of 包含 originate 起源，源自 organic 有机的 marine 海洋的 sediment 沉淀物 microorganism 微生物 accumulate 积累，聚集 partially 部分地 decompose 分解，腐烂 use up 用光 dissolve 溶解 decay 分解，腐烂 subject 使受到，使遭遇 convert 转变，变化 squeeze 挤，挤压 layer 层 dense 浓厚的，浓密的 tend 倾向 valuable 有价值的 underlie 成为…的基础 permanent 的，常设的，长期的 portable 轻便的 dismantle 拆卸，废除 density 密度，浓度 beneath 在底下，在下面 pump 抽水 adjacent 毗邻的，邻近的 fertilizer 化肥 extend 扩大，伸展，延伸 hostile 不利的，敌对的 expense 费用 slope 倾斜 submarine 海底的，水下的 continent 大陆 offshore 近海的 justify 证明…有理 extraction 开采 spill 泄漏，溢出 collision 碰撞，相撞 accidental 偶然的，意外的 adverse 不利的，有害的
长难句	When the well reaches a pool, oil usually rises up the well because of its density difference with water beneath it or because of the pressure of expanding gas trapped above it. 分析：主句为“oil usually rises up the well”；“When the well reaches a pool”为When引导的时间状语从句；“because of its density difference with water beneath it”和“because of the pressure of expanding gas trapped above it”为or连接的两个并列的介词短语，在句中做原因状语。 Some oil lies under regions where drilling is forbidden, such as national parks or other public lands. 分析：本句主句为“Some oil lies under regions”；“where drilling is forbidden”为定语从句，做regions的定语，关系词为where；“such as national parks or other public lands”为举例说明regions。 Offshore platforms may also lose oil, creating oil slicks that drift ashore and foul the beaches, harming the environment. 分析：此句主句为“Offshore platforms may also lose oil”；“creating oil slicks”为现在分词短语做结果状语，其中“that drift ashore and foul the beaches”为定语从句，做oil slicks的定语，关系词为that；“harming the environment”也为现在分词短语做结果状语。
自然科学类之生态环境学的其他话题	生态系统气候动植物生存风力发电降雨的原理燃烧的解释雪花的形成空气中污染物