朗阁海外考试研究中心 吴艳
针对新托福口语的综合任务部分,记笔记的环节是多数学生的困难,很多同学遇到记笔记的部分,就感觉难度大,无从找到正确而有效的方法。其实,记笔记是可以通过正确途径提高的,再加上反复的练习,我们就可以抓住技巧,记到重点。本篇中,朗阁海外考试研究中心的将先介绍几个记笔记的误区,然后为考生们解答新托福口语对话中什么内容是不该记的。
一、笔记的误区
误区一:尽量多记,无论记什么,尽量多写字
大家可能没有统计过新托福口语的听力部分语速是怎样的,如果按数据来统计的话,听力部分的速度是一秒钟3至4个单词,那么对话是1分至1分半,也就是180至360个词左右。我们能记下来的平均数量是60至80词,也就仅仅占到三分之一的比例,怎么能涵盖所有的内容呢?尽量多写这个概念让我们更加的困惑,再怎么快,也跟不上,所以很多同学说自己记笔记的能力非常差,那么新托福口语的综合部分就无法提高了。
其实,尽量多记这个概念有些模糊,尽量多记时,要先明确记什么,什么不该记。准确地说,就是记关键的内容,记可以得分的内容,后面我们用具体的例子为大家展示。
误区二:希望抓住所有的句子,一个也不想丢下
上面已经为大家统计过数字了,我们至多只能跟上三分之一的内容,但是很多同学希望能听更多的内容。如果不写出来,那么能听到的句子就多了很多。但是,我们当时听懂了很多句子和信息却不记下来,等准备时间结束后,让我们复述时,很多的信息已经由于我们忘记而缺失了,我们又如何能把内容说完全呢?所以,在记笔记时,要有选择的放弃一些内容,这样才能相对完整地记录下一些备于后面复述时使用的句子。越是不想丢下句子,就越无法写出听到的内容。
误区三:记和说是分开的任务
记笔记时,还有一个问题,很多学生把记下的内容当作是听的过程中完成的任务,而不是复述时有效的依据,复述时仍根据记忆,甚至不看笔记。这说明了两个问题,一、笔记质量本身不高,没有参考性;二、感觉凭记忆说的内容比笔记要多。如果是这样,记笔记有什么意义呢?因此,我们要尽可能的为自己提供方便,记的笔记要为自己服务,要清楚、完整,这样才能使用笔记。如果不记笔记,凭记忆是非常难的。
二、对话中不该记的内容
TASK 3
对于这个部分,考点是学生对于学校通知的态度及原因,我们来看下面的听力原文,其中不需要记的部分已经标出:
(woman) The college’s making a mistake with this new plan.
(man) What do you mean? I think it will really help the college to accomplish its goals.
(woman) Don’t be so sure! All that construction, for two years? It’s gonna create a lot of noise.
(man) Well, you mean in the beginning, for students still living in the dorms.
(woman) Yeah, students who are trying to sleep or do works are constantly going to be disturbed. So, people will try to get as far away as possible, probably by moving off campus. So they are losing even more people!
(man) Huh, I haven’t thought of that. But still, once all the constructions are over, more people will probably want to live in the dorms, right? I mean, the living conditions will be so much better.
(woman) If they can afford to, do you know how the college is planning on paying for this plan? By raising the cost of campus housing!
(man) Oh! I didn’t realize that.
(woman) Yeah, so if it’s more expensive why would people want to move back into the dorms if they can rent an apartment for less money?
划线的部分总共98词,全文是205词,因此我们可以看出,有很多内容,甚至是一半的内容是不需要记的。我们来总结一下不需要记的内容包含哪些方面:
1. 表示态度的长句子不需要记,只要标明学生同意还是不同意即可;
2. 其中一个学生的话语是辅助内容,一般不需要记他的内容和原因;
3. 感叹的词汇或句子不需记;
这样看来,我们需要记的内容仅是态度及两个原因,大大减轻了记笔记的负担。
TASK 5
第五题需要重点记的是五要素,即问题、解决方案一、解决方案二、我的选择及原因。与这五要素无关的部分就不需要记。请看下面标注的句子:
(woman) Hey, Frank, I heard you got a summer research position with professor Davis.
(man) Uh, huh, but I’ve got a problem.
(woman) Oh?
(man) Yeah, well, since I didn’t hear from her for so long, I assumed I didn’t get the position. So I didn’t apply for a dorm room for the summer. I’m afraid it’s too late for that now.
(woman) Yeah, the deadline for campus housing application has already passed. So what are you gonna do now?
(man) Well, I can stay with my parents. They live two hours from here so I thought I could drive and commute to campus everyday. I know my mom and dad would be happy to have me over for a few weeks and most of my old friends would be home for the summer so, in a way, it’d be fun.
(woman) Yeah, I understand. But you’d spend quite a bit of time on the road going back and forth. Won’t you get tired?
(man) Yeah, that thought did cross my mind. The other thing I could do is rent an apartment off campus. Besides being closer to work, I’d also save tons of money on gas.
(woman) Uh, huh. But then you’d have to pay rent.
(man) I know. There’s always something, isn’t there?
这一篇共241词,而不需要记的内容共100词,也就是说,第五题需要记的部分较多,因此难度也相对来说大一些,我们可以看到,不需要记的部分主要为:语气词,提示性的句子,无真正解题价值的句子。
综上所述,我们在平时的练习中,应多注意记笔记的技巧,适当舍弃一些浪费时间、内容又无关紧要的部分,以提高笔记的效率和质量。只要熟悉每个题型的特点,抓住该记的重点而舍弃不该记的部分,就可以做到事半功倍。
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