是谁拿走了我的写作分数？（上）

朗阁海外考试研究中心

雅思考官的范文例来就是指名雅思的重要依据。今天，朗阁海外考试研究中心写作组的，主要结合雅思考官所给范文，多年的考试及教学经验，给雅思考生们讲解一下如今中国考生写作失分为严重的问题：文章的连贯性。

文章的通顺和连贯是雅思大作文的评分标准之一。英语作文的语句上下承接，与中式的表达有明显的不同，用语恰当可以使一篇论点普通的文章有一气呵成之感。而这正是很多中国考生在雅思作文中意识比较缺乏的。关键在于，中国考生缺少使得语言表达连贯的方法，这就导致写作的重大失分。

一、正确使用指代词

使用的指代词包括人称代词，物主代词和一些特定的词语。

★ 使用人称代词或物主代词代替文章中重复出现的词

剑桥4 test4 task2范文中的句子：

But I think the solution to the problem lies with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children. If they could raise them to be considerate of others and to be social, responsible individuals, the whole munity would benefit.

★ 使用特定的词语来指代某一类事物

这些词包括one, that, those, so, this, not和do的各种形式。同时，被的可以是名词、动词，也可以是句子。

①名词（用one, that, those来某个名词）

剑桥7 test B task2范文中的句子：

I agree with the view that stars in the entertainment business are usually over paid. However, it is also true that it is only those who reach the very top of their profession who can get these huge salary.

②动词（用do的各种形式来代替前面提到的动词）

剑桥4 test4 task2范文中的句子：

When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline. They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.

③句子（用so, this, 或者not来一个句子）

剑桥4 test4 task2范文中的句子：

Of course, factors such as loving relationships, good health, the skills to earn a living and a peaceful environment all contribute to our happiness too. But this does not mean that people without these conditions cannot be happy.

二、正确使用意思相关联的词

使用同义词，反义词等意义相互关联的词可以提醒读者一些相关的概念，而通过这些概念的反复出现达到与重复相类似的效果。

★ 同义词

剑桥5 test B task2范文中的句子：

I think it is true that in almost every country today each household and family produces a large amount of waste every week. Most of this rubbish es from the packaging from the things we buy, such as processed food.

★ 反义词

剑桥5 test2 task2范文中的句子：

The trend is not restricted to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer students who choose to work and bee economically independent for a period of time.

★ 有相互补充关系的词

剑桥4 test4 task2范文中的句子：

When they get to school age they have not learnt any self control or discipline. They have less respect for their teachers and refuse to obey school rules in the way that their parents did.

剑桥5 test4 task2范文中的句子：

Today the way we consider human psychology and mental development is heavily influenced by the geic sciences. We now understand the importance of inherited characteristics more than ever before.

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