雅思写作一直是很多小考鸭的软肋：存在缺少output的练习，表达的不熟练，思维的局限，对于模板句的依赖等问题。要想提高雅思写作的能力，练习是王道，同时，需要词汇的积累，表达的训练，结构的把握，思路的拓展，题目的熟悉，以及速度的提升。今天，就从审题角度来跟大家聊聊，如何有效地提高写作效率。
我们先来看这样一道雅思题目：
Should old man live with their own children together, or should they live in the nursing houses?
很多同学拿到手时间就会用本能反应做出选择。老人家当然应该在家里由子女自己来照顾，怎么能够送老人院呢?然后，就开始迫切地写作文。然而写着写着，可能会发现要么论据不够充分，写到一半无话可些，要么某些想法在用英文表达时，遇到太多的障碍。
审题的过程应拆解为如下4步：
1.读题意
2.辨题型
3.列提纲
4.选立场
本文先行介绍1和2.
1、读题意
这一步相对比较简单，雅思写作题干通常不会有复杂的长难句，只要大家认识所有的单词即可。当然如果遇到生词，也有两个方法可以解决。
一是借助上下文猜。如下面这道题目：Disruptive school students have a negative influence on others. Students who are noisy and disobedient should be grouped together and taught separately. Do you agree or disagree? 其中的个单词disruptive可能就有同学不认识，不知道意思。但是后文中的students who are "noisy and disobedient"的同义解释，不难让大家得出"吵闹的，不守规矩的"这样的意思。
二是通读机经，扫除生词。因为，不见得所有的生词都能够猜得了。有时题目中出现"censorship"(审查制度) 、"anti-social behavior"(反社会行为)、"juvenile delinquency"(青少年犯罪)这样含义比较专业的生词，考生们基本是无法根据上下文推出意思的，比较好的解决方法就是通读机经。
2.辨题型
所谓题型，实际就是题目最后半句话的写作指令，写作要求。不同题型，写作要求不同，逻辑步骤不同，段落结构不同，也会直接影响下一步的列提纲工作需要做的操作。
雅思考试的大作文通常分为五种题型，每种题目的出题形式都有非常明确的标志。下面为大家列举的是每种不同题型的示例，大家留意后面的粗体字写作指令即可。
同意与否
Disruptive school students have a negative influence on others. Students who are noisy and disobedient should be grouped together and taught separately. Do you agree or disagree?
Rich countries often give financial aid to poor countries, but it does not eliminate the poverty, so rich countries should give other types of help to the poor countries rather than the financial aid. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
双边讨论
Some people claim that censorship is necessary because there are too many undesirable contents in the mass media, while others argue that it will hinder information freedom. Discuss both views and give your opinion?
Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others however say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion。
利弊分析
Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at a primary school rather than secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
问题解决
Many people believe that today there is a general increase in anti-social behavior and lack of respect for others. What might have caused this situation? How to improve it?
综合提问
As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?
Many developing countries are currently expanding their tourist industries. Why is this case? Is it a positive development?
